Window Light (Indoors): Position the subject near a large window to control side light, backlighting, or split lighting, creating dramatic highlights and shadows that sculpt muscles.
Soft Shade (Outdoors): Find open shade (under a tree, building) to get even, diffused light without harsh shadows, or shoot during the "golden hour" (near sunrise/sunset) for soft, warm light that wraps around the body.
Side/Angled Light: Placing the light source to the side or at a 45-degree angle creates strong contrast, highlighting muscle definition and adding depth, notes this YouTube videoand Reddit users.
Backlighting/Rim Lighting: Sunlight from behind the subject can create a beautiful outline, making the physique pop from the background and highlighting the body's shape, says COLBOR and this YouTube video.
High-Angle (Midday Sun): Shooting under a high sun (e.g., midday) creates deep shadows under abs and chest, making muscles look fuller and more defined, notes this article.