D
Deleted member 121863
Guest
Here is a paper I just finished for school. I will break it into parts if you would like to skip. This part is history of test and TRT. Just interesting facts. Next I talk about the FDA announcement saying TRT causes heart problems and the 2 studies the cited. Then tear into those studies.
Does Testosterone Replacement Therapy Cause or
Contribute to Negative Cardiovascular Events
Testosterone is a naturally occurring hormone in all human beings and much more abundant in males. Healthy levels are often associated with being more masculine, strong and dominant. As people age many bodily functions and abilities decline. One of which is the production of testosterone in males. Within the last twenty years the business of TRT, also known as testosterone replacement therapy has exploded to over 2 billion dollars in sales annually. That does not include over the counter supplements.
Fascination and wonder of testosterone goes back over 170 years to 1849 and a zoo curator named Arnold Berthauld. He observed that when roosters were castrated, they ceased to fight, crow, or mate. Also their comb regressed. The roosters’ normal behavior and comb growth could be restored by re-implantation of the testes. Berthauld concluded that, “The testes act upon the blood, and the blood acts upon the whole organism.” Many people credit him as being the founder of modern day endocrinology.
In 1889, a 72-year old French physician named Charles-Edouard Brown-Sequard, came before the Society de Biologie of Paris, announcing that he had rejuvenated himself by injections of testicular extract from guinea pigs and dogs. Within 3 days of injection he claimed to have regained strength and intellectual power he used to have in his youth. Later it was found that the testicular extractions he was injecting did not have any androgen in it at all. His benefits were apparently all placebo effect. Still intrigue to continue research lingered among the scientific community.
In 1935 testosterone was first fully synthesized by a collaboration of Schering, Organon and Ciba, 3 major European pharmaceutical companies. After that major, widespread human trials could begin.
By 1944, Carl Heller and Gordon Myers published, “The Male Climacteric which was a major framing piece for modern day TRT. It showed that some aging men develop symptoms attributable to hypogonadism. Symptoms they listed included depression, impaired memory, easily fatigued, and loss of sexual vigor. Since blood tests were not yet developed to check for testosterone levels in the blood, Heller and Myers determined if a person was “climacteric” by testicular biopsy. They should be applauded for attempting to obtain certainty of the medical condition instead of prescribing medication just off symptoms stated by the patient which seems to be very common in current medicine
Does Testosterone Replacement Therapy Cause or
Contribute to Negative Cardiovascular Events
Testosterone is a naturally occurring hormone in all human beings and much more abundant in males. Healthy levels are often associated with being more masculine, strong and dominant. As people age many bodily functions and abilities decline. One of which is the production of testosterone in males. Within the last twenty years the business of TRT, also known as testosterone replacement therapy has exploded to over 2 billion dollars in sales annually. That does not include over the counter supplements.
Fascination and wonder of testosterone goes back over 170 years to 1849 and a zoo curator named Arnold Berthauld. He observed that when roosters were castrated, they ceased to fight, crow, or mate. Also their comb regressed. The roosters’ normal behavior and comb growth could be restored by re-implantation of the testes. Berthauld concluded that, “The testes act upon the blood, and the blood acts upon the whole organism.” Many people credit him as being the founder of modern day endocrinology.
In 1889, a 72-year old French physician named Charles-Edouard Brown-Sequard, came before the Society de Biologie of Paris, announcing that he had rejuvenated himself by injections of testicular extract from guinea pigs and dogs. Within 3 days of injection he claimed to have regained strength and intellectual power he used to have in his youth. Later it was found that the testicular extractions he was injecting did not have any androgen in it at all. His benefits were apparently all placebo effect. Still intrigue to continue research lingered among the scientific community.
In 1935 testosterone was first fully synthesized by a collaboration of Schering, Organon and Ciba, 3 major European pharmaceutical companies. After that major, widespread human trials could begin.
By 1944, Carl Heller and Gordon Myers published, “The Male Climacteric which was a major framing piece for modern day TRT. It showed that some aging men develop symptoms attributable to hypogonadism. Symptoms they listed included depression, impaired memory, easily fatigued, and loss of sexual vigor. Since blood tests were not yet developed to check for testosterone levels in the blood, Heller and Myers determined if a person was “climacteric” by testicular biopsy. They should be applauded for attempting to obtain certainty of the medical condition instead of prescribing medication just off symptoms stated by the patient which seems to be very common in current medicine