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Insulin types and information
Humalog
Humalog is an Eli Lilly product, with the active ingredient insulin lispro. It is extremely rapid-acting, and will typically begin to work within 15 minutes. Effects of the insulin last for between 2 and 5 hours. It is faster-acting than soluble insulin, and is therefore extremely useful around mealtimes. Like many other rapid-acting forms of insulin, humalog may be combined with intermediate or longer-acting insulin for a longer period of blood glucose maintenance.
Lantus and Levemir
Lantus and Levermir are long-acting insulins. Typically lantus is administered to the body once every day, but levermir may have to be administered twice to some patients. Lantus and Levermire keep the body’s basal insulin at a sufficient level, so a diabetic retains energy when not eating food. Lantus and Levermir are typically employed in combination with short-acting insulin at meal times, but this is by no means always the case. Lantus and Levermir work best when they are used on a daily basis, and a strict and regular regimen is adhered to.
To ensure you receive the correct dosage of insulin, consult carefully with your diabetes healthcare team. Diet and exercise may affect your insulin dosage.
Actrapid
Novo Nordisk did produce Actrapid preloaded pens, cartridges and vials for the UK insulin market. However, due to commercial reasons they have discontinued both the pens and cartridges as from January 2006.
Actrapid itself is human soluble insulin. When it enters the body, it works in the same way as natural insulin and increases overall ability for the body to uptake glucose. Soluble, or neutral, insulin such as Actrapid is fast-acting (usually between 30 minutes and an hour) and lasts for approximately eight hours depending on dose. Soluble insulin is usually used before a meal, and controls postprandial blood glucose levels.
Soluble insulin such as Actrapid can sometimes be combined with other types of insulin (longer-lasting) to provide overall control through the day. With all insulin types it is worth bearing in mind that the stricter control exercised over diabetes, the less likely it is to develop into serious complications.
Novorapid
The active ingredient in Novorapid is insulin aspart. When novorapid is injected, it is extremely fast-acting, and works rapidly to normalise blood sugar levels. It typically begins working after 10-20 minutes, and will last for between 3 and 5 hours. It may be injected before a meal, and sometimes immediately after, to ensure strict control of post-prandial levels.
Often, insulin aspart formulations such as novorapid will be combined with other longer lasting (intermediate-acting and longer-acting) insulin. In this way, control over blood glucose levels can be maintained throughout the day.
Velosulin
Velosulin is manufactured by pharmaceutical giant Novo Nordisk. The active component in velosulin is neutral or soluble insulin. Following an injection, Velosulin works quickly (between 30 minutes and an hour), and may last for approximately 8 hours. Common medical thinking dictates that Velosulin should be taken immediately prior to eating, between 15 and 30 minutes before a meal, so post-prandial spikes may be better controlled.
Often, short-acting insulin such as Velosulin is given in conjunction with intermediate-acting or longer-acting insulin.
Humulin m3
Humulin M3 incorporates the active ingredient human biphasic isophane insulin. Humulin M3 is administered using a preloaded pen, penfill cartridge and vials. Humulin contains soluble insulin and Isophane insulin. Soluble insulin is short-acting (30-60 minutes) and last for around 8 hours. Isophane insulin is an intermediate-acting insulin. It takes considerably longer to come into effect, but it lasts far longer. When miced together, the combination of insulin types lowers blood sugar rapidly, then offers a more sustained reduction over a longer period of time. Usually this type of insulin is injected prior to a meal or snack.
Other types of Humulin are also available in different forms, such as Humulin I (Isophane) and Humulin s (soluble insulin.)
Hypurin
Hypurin is based around the active ingredient isophane insulin, and is an intermediate-acting insulin. It usually starts working approximately two hours after injection and will work for between 18 and 24 hours. This helps to regulate blood sugars throughout the day. Commonly used in conjunction with short-acting insulin, isophane insulin such as Hypurin is administered before meals to control blood glucose levels after eating.
Hypurin comes in many forms includoing Hypurin bovine lente (Insulin zinc suspension, long-acting), Hypurin bovine neutral (Soluble insuline, rapi-acting), hypurin bovine protamine zinc (protamine zinc insulin, long-acting), Hypurin procine 30/70 (Biphasic isophane insulin, short-acting), Hypurin porcine insulin (isophane insulin, intermediate-acting), and Hypurin porcine neutral (isophane insulin, short-acting.)
Insuman
Insuman is another insulin type that come in several different forms. Insuman basal is an intermediate-acting insulin with the active ingredient isophane insulin. Insuman comb prefilled pens, cartridge and vials mix together soluble and isophane insulin. Different types of Insuman comb (15,25,50.) Insuman rapid is another form, based around neutral or soluble insulin. This insulin is rapid-acting (30-60 minutes) and lasts for around eight hours.
Insulatard
Insulatard, manufactured by Novo Nordisk, comes in preloaded pens (Novojet, InnoLet, Flexpen), penfill cartridges and vials based around the active ingredient human isophane insulin. This type of intermediate-acting insulin helps to control blood glucose throughout the day.
Ultratard
Ultratard vials contain human insulin zinc suspension (crystalline). They are used to treat diabetes.
The type of insulin in this medicine is called insulin zinc suspension. This is known as a long acting insulin. When injected under the skin it helps to control blood glucose throughout the day. (See the information leaflet provided with your insulin for more information about when to inject the insulin and how long its effects last.)
Mixtard
Mixtard comes in 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 preloaded pens (NovoLet), and also in penfill cartridges and vials, and the Mixtard 30 Innolet injection device. All of these medicines are based around human biphasic isophane insulin. Mixtard is based around soluble insulin and isophane insulin. Pre-mixed insulin such as this acts rapidly (soluble), and at an intermediate level.
http://www.diabetes.co.uk/insulin/insulin-types.html