Beware of overgeneralizing the study results: While I doubt that the gains are sex-specific, I can very well imagine that similar benefits won't be seen on (a) multijoint exercises, where often other muscle groups take over as you approach failure and (b) with workout routines with a generally higher volume [keep in mind, the three sets of 7 in the study at hand are sign. less than what the average trainee is doing for his biceps - both directly (e.g. curls) or indirectly (e.g. pull-ups)] and (c) in other subject groups like the elderly, who appear to suffer from an impaired ability to recruit satellite cells for muscle repair (and growth), or highly trained individuals in whom the overall gains and probably also the inter-group differences could be significantly attenuated.